This important book is about a Marxist answer to the fundamental question “What is a human?” It is an essay that presents the general Marxist understanding of a human and expands the critical psychology related to the Marxist analysis of the division of intellectual and manual labor and the social relationship of domination and control in the production and education processes. Lucien Sève offers a critique on contemporary scientific and philosophical debates about humans. He plays a fundamental role in the development of psychological sciences by proposing the effects of historical materialism on the understanding of the human person. “Human in Marxist theory” was quickly recognized as a key and fundamental book published in the field of the development of personality science based on historical materialism. This work is unique in its field as well as in terms of including ideas and opinions in this field.