In this multifocal conversation, Dr. Kamran Matin introduces the intellectual contours of his research programme of re-theorising Iran’s experience of modernity and revolution. The conversation will begin from an overview of the idea of ‘uneven and combined development’ (UCD) as a synthesis of international theory and social theory and proceeds to highlight the intellectual potentials of this idea for an alternative, non-exceptionalist account of the peculiarities of the modern Iranian history focusing on nation-state formation, hybrid sociality, and revolutionary agency.